ASTM-F818:16(R2020) pdf free download – Standard Terminology Relating to Spill Response Booms and Barriers.
catenary drag force—load imposed on a boom, deployed in a catenary configuration, resulting from towing, current, and/or wind forces.
current response—change in freeboard or draft due to current forces acting to displace the boom from rest.
gross buoyancy—weight of fresh water displaced by a boom totally submerged.
gross buoyancy to weight ratio—gross buoyancy divided by boom weight.
heave response—ability of the boom to react to the vertical motion of the water surface.
maximum dynamic load—sum of all instantaneous dynamic loads including those due to acceleration, wave forces, and so forth.
reserve buoyancy—gross buoyancy minus boom weight.
reserve buoyancy to weight ratio—reserve buoyancy divided by boom weight.
roll response—rotation of the boom from rest due to wave, wind, or current forces.
straight line drag forces—load on a boom that results from towing it from one end.
wind response—change in freeboard or draft due to wind force acting to displace the boom from rest.
3.3 Performance Terminolog v—Terms associated with Spill Response Barrier Performance:
apex (aka pocket)—pocket formed at the downstream end of a U, V. J, or W shaped configuration.
boom planing—heeling over of a boom and loss of draft.
boom submergence (aka suhmarining)—containment failure due to loss of freeboard.
bridging failure—portions of a boom emerging from the water due to poor wave conformance, with resulting containment failure.
catenary configuration (aka “U,”“J” configuration)— booming configuration formed by towing or anchoring each end of a length of boom, resulting in a characteristic” U” or “J” shape.
cascading booms—booming configuration formed by positioning two or more booms in a deflection mode such that successive booms progressively move oil to the desired area.
chevron configuration—booming configuration used in narrow watercourses, formed by positioning two lengths of boom in a deflection mode, the leading end of each length is positioned in the middle of the watercourse and the trailing ends lead to opposite shores.
conformance—ability of a boom to maintain freeboard and draft when subjected to a given set of environmental conditions.
containment mode—placement of a boom to prevent free movement of a floating substance.
deployment—placing a boom in the water and making it operational.
diversion mode—placement of’ a boom to redirect the movement of a floating substance.
drainage loss— oil accumulating and pooling against the boom skirt and escaping with the flow of water down and along the skirt.
entrainment loss—oil droplets escaping with the flow of water diverted under the skirt.
exclusion booming—placement of a boom to protect an area trom the entry of a floating substance.
first-loss tow/current velocity—minimum tow/current velocity normal to the membrane at which oil escapes past a boom.
gap ratio—sweep width divided by boom length.
loss rate—rate at which oil is lost past a boom (m3/h).
performance—ability of a boom to contain or deflect oil under a given set of environmental conditions.
retrieval—removing a deployed boom from the water. splashoveroil splashing over a boom’s freeboard.
stability—resistance to overturning moment.
sweep width (aka swath)—width intercepted by a boom in collection mode, the projected distance between the ends of a boom deployed in a bU,t bbV, or “1’ configuration.
sweeping mode—movement of a boom relative to the water for the purpose of controlling or collecting a floating substance.
towing—transporting a boom from one place to another by pulling from one end.
vortex loss—oil escaping past a boom due to drainage vortices produced at the boom.
“I” configuration—boom positioned in a “1’ shape.
“U” configuration (aka catenary configuration) —boom positioned in a shape.
“V” configuration—boom positioned in a ‘V” shape.
“IV” configuration (aka “3” configuration)—hoom positioned in a “W” shape.