ASME B31.4:2006 pdf free download – Pipeline Transportation Systems for Liquid Hydrocarbons and Other Liquids
girth weld: a complete circumferential butt weld joining pipe or components. imperfection: a discontinuity or irregularity which is detected by inspection.
in-line inspection tools: any instrumented device or vehi- cle that records data and uses nondestructive test meth- ods or other techniques to inspect the pipeline from the inside. Also known as intelligent or smart pig.
internal design pressure: internal pressure used in calcula- tions or analysis for pressure design of a piping compo- nent (see para. 401.2.2).
liquefied petroleum gas(es) (LPG): liquid petroleum com- posed predominantly of the following hydrocarbons, either by themselves or as mixtures: butane (normal butane or isobutane), butylene (including isomers), pro- pane, propylene, and ethane. liquid alcohol: any of a group of organic compounds con- taining only hydrogen, carbon, and one or more hydroxyl radicals which will remain liquid in a moving stream in a pipeline.
liquid anhydrous ammonia: a compound formed by the combination of the two gaseous elements, nitrogen and hydrogen, in the proportion of one part of nitrogen to three parts of hydrogen, by volume, compressed to a liquid state. mainline pipelines: all in-line pipeline pipes, fittings, bends, elbows, check valves, and block valves between scraper traps. maximum steady state operating pressure: maximum pres- sure (sum of static head pressure, pressure required to overcome friction losses, and any back pressure) at any point in a piping system when the system is operating under steady state conditions. miter: two or more straight sections of pipe matched and joined on a line bisecting the angle of junction so as to produce a change in direction. nominal pipe size (NPS): see ASME B36.10M p. 1 for defi- nition. operating company: owner or agent currently responsible for the design, construction, inspection, testing, opera- tion, and maintenance of the piping system. petroleum: crude oil, condensate, natural gasoline, natu- ralgasliquids, liquefiedpetroleumgas,and liquid petro- leum products
pipe: a tube, usually cylindrical, used for conveying a fluid or transmitting fluid pressure, normally desig- nated ‘‘pipe’’ in the applicable specification. It also includes any similar component designated as ‘‘tubing’’ used for the same purpose. Types of pipe, according to the method of manufacture, are defined as follows.
(a) electric resistance welded pipe: pipe produced in individual lengths or in continuous lengths from coiled 5 skelp, having a longitudinal or spiral butt joint wherein coalescence is produced bythe heatobtained fromresist- ance of the pipe to the flow of electric current in a circuit of which the pipe is a part, and by the application of pressure.
(b) furnace lap welded pipe: pipe having a longitudinal lap joint made by the forge welding process wherein coalescence is produced by heating the preformed tube to welding temperature and passing it over a mandrel located between two welding rolls which compress and weld the overlapping edges.
(c) furnace butt welded pipe
(1) furnace butt welded pipe, bell welded: pipe pro- duced in individual lengths from cut-length skelp, hav- ing its longitudinal butt joint forge welded by the mechanical pressure developed in drawing the furnace heated skelp through a cone-shaped die (commonly known as the “welding bell”) which serves as a com- bined forming and welding die.
(2) furnace butt welded pipe, continuous welded: pipe produced in continuous lengths from coiled skelp and subsequently cut into individual lengths, having its lon- gitudinal buttjointforge welded by the mechanical pres- sure developed in rolling the hot formed skelp through a set of round pass welding rolls.